Which leadership theory emphasizes the role of traits and characteristics?

The correct answer highlights the trait theory of leadership, which posits that effective leaders possess certain inherent traits and characteristics that differentiate them from non-leaders. This theory focuses on identifying and analyzing these specific qualities, such as intelligence, self-confidence, determination, integrity, and sociability, that contribute to successful leadership.

Trait theory suggests that individuals can be identified as leaders based on the presence of these qualities, making it a foundational concept in understanding leadership dynamics. This approach has been influential in selecting and developing leaders, as it emphasizes the idea that certain traits can be nurtured or enhanced in aspiring leaders.

In contrast, other leadership theories, such as situational leadership, emphasize adapting one’s leadership style to the context and needs of the team, rather than focusing solely on innate traits. Transformational leadership theory centers on inspiring and motivating followers to achieve higher levels of performance through shared vision and personal connections, while transactional leadership theory is based on a system of rewards and consequences tied to performance. Each of these other theories brings unique perspectives on leadership but does not primarily focus on the role of traits and characteristics as the trait theory does.